Creativity Boosting Session of ABC Company †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Creativity Boosting Session of ABC Company. Answer: Presentation Innovativeness, in straightforward words, is characterized as the procedure or the capacity of age new, unique or irregular thoughts while development is characterized as the way toward executing something new (Burrus, 2013). Advancement and innovativeness are viewed as extremely significant in the cutting edge work environment as it can truly help an organization in getting progressively gainful, productive and serious (LSUS, 2017). Organization Background And Innovation Idea ABC Company is an Australian based organization that gives innovation related answer for its customers. The organization was established in 1992 and has been functioning admirably since its establishment. Starting today, the organization has its administrative center in Melbourne and has an expected workforce of 200 representatives. The representatives working in the organization appreciate various productive human asset arrangements that stays with them steadfast towards the yet recently, the working environment condition has been ending up being exhausting and needs challenges for the representatives. In this way, the human asset supervisors of the organization have thought of executing another action in the working environment that would advance the inventive side of the representatives. For accomplishing it, the chiefs have thought of directing week after week inventiveness boosting meetings where all the representatives will have the option to take an interest and record about a thought, which they think will help the organization in getting progressively serious in the market (Birsel, 2017). Innovativeness Boosting Session The administration of the organization has thought of conveying the arrangement to the representatives through their month to month periodical and furthermore through the verbal. There will be a sum of 8 imagination boosting meetings that would take just about two months. In each progressive meeting, the workers will have the option to get from a similar point where they had left their arrangement in the past meeting. To guarantee satisfactory representative inspiration and commitment levels, the human asset the executives of the organization likewise plans to report that the triumphant thought will be really actualized in the organization as a pilot venture and the worker, who will be behind the development of the thought, will be delegated as one of the pioneers in the pilot ventures. Preferences Of The Idea The organization targets encouraging a superior working environment culture by presenting such an inventive thought as it has never been attempted in the organization. The thought in itself is imaginative on the grounds that it will give a splendid stage to the workers where they will have the option to show their inventiveness and advancement abilities. Further, the possibility of really actualizing one of the thoughts out of every one of those thoughts will go about as an inspirational factor as the workers will have a potential for success to pick up acknowledgment. It is additionally conceivable that the organization may perceive certain territories where the representatives feel that it needs effectiveness or efficiency as a pool of 200 representatives will be working their psyches to recognize a powerless territory of their organization and to gadget an improvement plan for the equivalent. Asset Requirements Perhaps the greatest preferred position of this framework is that it won't be a weight on the assets of the organization since all it requires is the nearness of 200 individuals in a solitary lobby for one hour consistently. The organization will have the option to pull it off as it has its own meeting lobby that has a seating limit of 500 individuals roughly. A significant source that the organization would require for the program is time. Requesting that the representatives remain back after work can be dubious as it can meddle with their work life balance. Along these lines, the organization should guarantee that the workers are given an off of one hour upon the arrival of the meeting so they can think about it as a hands on action. The human asset the executives will likewise need to designate a group of pioneers that will oversee the activities and working of the meetings. Further, they will likewise need to direct a careful investigation of each individual arrangement that the representatives will plan. In spite of the fact that the activity is financially savvy, it may require a great deal of time to render productive outcomes. To guarantee smooth running of the meetings, the human asset the board of the organization has proposed a financial plan of AU $10,000, which has been authorized by the senior level administration. End The imagination boosting meeting planned by the human asset the executives of the organization is successful as it won't be a weight on the assets of the organization and simultaneously, it will have numerous advantages, for example, expanded advancement and inventiveness, encouraging a serious domain and furthermore in keeping the workers drew in and roused. References Burrus, D., 2013. Imagination and Innovation: Your Keys to a Successful Organization. [Online] Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/daniel-burrus/imagination and-innovation_b_4149993.html[Accessed 2017]. Birsel, A., 2017. 32 Easy Exercises to Boost Your Creativity Everyday. [Online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/ayse-birsel/32-simple activities to-support your-imagination everyday.html[Accessed 2018]. LSUS, 2017. Significance of Creativity and Innovation in Entrepreneurship. 16 February.

Molecular Biology Essays - Biology, Molecular Biology, Microbiology

Sub-atomic Biology Sub-atomic Biology Unique The bacterium utilized in this lab, Escherichia coli (or E. coli) is a perfect living being for the atomic geneticist to control. It can undoubtedly be developed in suspension culture in a supplement medium, for example, Luria stock, or in a petri dish of Luria stock blended in with agar (LB agar) or supplement agar. Qualities can be moved between bacterial in three different ways: conjugation, transduction, or change. Bacterial change includes move of hereditary data into a cell by direct take-up of the DNA. During quality exchange, the take-up and articulation of outside DNA by a beneficiary bacterium can bring about presenting a specific attribute to a beneficiary coming up short on that characteristic. Change can happen normally yet the frequency is incredibly low and is constrained to generally scarcely any bacterial strains. Plasmids can move qualities that happen normally inside them, or plasmids can go about as transporters for presenting remote DNA from other microscopic organisms plasmids, or even eukaryotes into beneficiary bacterial cells. In this lab, the LB-and LB+ plates had a yard of development, the most development out of the considerable number of plates. The LB/amp+ plate additionally indicated some bacterial development, yet it was practically nothing. The LB/amp-plate was the main plate that had no watched bacterial development. Change effectiveness may be influenced by the getting of enough cells, the hour of cold and warmth stunning, not re-suspending, and not utilizing aseptic strategy. The yard on development saw in the LB-and LB+ plates are because of the nonattendance of ampicillin. The motivation behind why the LB/amp+ plate gave some development was a result of the safe plasmids. Since there were no plasmids to oppose the ampicillin in the LB/amp-plate, there was no development. Presentation The bacterium utilized in this lab, Escherichia coli (or E. coli) is a perfect living being for the atomic geneticist to control and has been utilized broadly in recombinant DNA research. It is a typical occupant of the human colon and can without much of a stretch be developed in suspension culture in a supplement medium, for example, Luria stock, or in a petri dish of Luria stock blended in with agar (LB agar) or supplement agar. E. coli contains around 5,000,000 DNA base matches in its particular roundabout chromosome. E. coli may likewise contain little roundabout DNA atoms called plasmids, which additionally convey hereditary data. The plasmids are extrachromosomal; they exist independently from the chromosome. A few plasmids duplicate just when the bacterial chromosome reproduces, and frequently happen in upwards of 10 to 200 duplicates inside a solitary bacterial cell. Certain plasmids, called R plasmids, convey qualities for protection from anti-toxins, for example, ampicillin. Qualities can be moved between bacterial in three different ways: conjugation, transduction, or change. Conjugation is a mating procedure during which hereditary material is moved starting with one bacterium then onto the next of an alternate mating type. Transduction requires the nearness of an infection to go about as a bearer to move little bits of DNA starting with one bacterium then onto the next. Bacterial change includes move of hereditary data into a cell by direct take-up of the DNA. During quality exchange, the take-up and articulation of remote DNA by a beneficiary bacterium can bring about presenting a specific attribute to a beneficiary coming up short on that characteristic. Change can happen normally however the rate is amazingly low and is restricted to generally scarcely any bacterial strains. These microscopic organisms can take up DNA just during the period toward the finish of logarithmic development. Right now, the cells a said to be skillful. Skill can be initia ted in E. coli with deliberately controlled synthetic development conditions. When skilled, the cells are prepared to acknowledge DNA that is presented from another source. Plasmids can move qualities that happen normally inside them, or plasmids can go about as bearers for presenting outside DNA from other microorganisms plasmids, or even eukaryotes into beneficiary bacterial cells. Materials and Procedures I stamped one clean 15-mL tube ?+? furthermore, the other . I utilized a sterile exchange pipet to include 250 ?L of super cold calcium chloride to each cylinder and set the two cylinders on the ice. I at that point utilized a clean plastic vaccinating circle to move a cell mass about the distance across of a pencil eraser from confined states of E. coli cells from the starter plate into the + tube. I drenched these

Transformational Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Transformational Leadership - Essay Example A portion of the components were the fast changes in innovation, an expansion in the course of items from as of late industrialized countries, expanded intensity among the contenders, estimating methodology in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) being unstable, and changing business sector structures prompted a solid, unpredictable and serious climate in which significant changes in the association were critical. Scaling back and receiving of new kinds of business understanding were the most widely recognized changes completed. In this manner these progressions negatively affected worker strengthening and fulfillment. This broke the old social understanding that had long haul work and in return get the representative's dependability (Griffin 2003, p. 1). Besides, during the 1970s, we had the possibility hypothesis on administration. The hypothesis on initiative was set up in research of practices, character, and conditions and didn't represent a few untypical hig hlights in pioneers (Simic 1998, p. 50). These are the reality inclinations that prompted the acknowledgment of the hypothesis of transformation.Odom and Green (2003), in view of research and the investigation of various legitimate cases, guarantee that when the idea of transformational administration is utilized in moral situations that chiefs face there is less case and preferred good outcomes over if the value-based way to deal with esteems that is regular was utilized. Inside scholastic environmental factors, because of transformational authority, teachers are bound to cooperate and are seen.

This essay will discuss the history of science

This article will talk about the historical backdrop of sci-fi film Gorts strength is suggested in this concentrate through SFX in two different ways. Right off the bat, Gorts may is demonstrated when he demolishes two fighters and their weapons; they are brushed away as if they dont exist. Furthermore, Gort consumes an entire in a block divider indicating his quality against one of Earths most grounded materials. Gorts power and the dread the crowd should feel about it is additionally exhibited by the exchange and acting. For instance, Helen shouts madly when she is separated from everyone else with Gort. This is the main time in the film that insanity is appeared in any capacity and this illuminates the crowd to show a dreadful reaction. We will compose a custom article on This will examine the historical backdrop of sci-fi film explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Gorts control over individuals is indicated in his tallness as he is a lot taller than any of the human characters, and in this way looks down on all people. This is additionally underlined by the camera places that show Gort corresponding to different characters. For instance in the scene where Gort destroys the two warriors the camera is tilted over Gorts shoulder demonstrating a flying perspective on them coming towards him, this suggests the fighters are a lot littler than Gort, and it likewise signifies how much force Gort has over the Earth. Vladimir Props hypothesis can be seen obviously in this concentrate. He recommended that each film and book comprises of eight character types, a scalawag, a legend, a giver, a partner, a princess, a dad, a dispatcher, and a bogus saint. The legend isnt in every case great, he is only the character the plot is set around, the aide gives something of supernatural substance to the saint, the dad praises the legend, and the dispatcher sends the legend on their way. The miscreant in this film isn't a character yet the contention the legend is attempting to stop, I. e. the virus war. The legend is clearly Klaatu, the princess is Helen, and the contributor is Gort as he reestablishes Klaatu back to life. The partners in this concentrate are Helen and the teacher as they help Klaatu assemble the conference together. The educator is likewise the dad, and, at long last the dispatchers are different planets Klaatu makes reference to in his discourse. In the concentrate of the film I am perusing the crowd don't see the bogus saint, anyway from the remainder of the film we realize that he generally will be Tom as it is he who begins the uncertainty in everyones mind that Carpenter (Klaatu) is a burglar. Levi-Strauss proposed that each film and story is focused on parallel contrary energies, two things that are totally different to one another, for instance the homesteaders and locals in Westerns. In this film, the double alternate extremes can be believed to be war and harmony. Portrayal and imagery are critical in this film. These procedures can be seen not just in the negative and radical portrayals of war, yet in addition in the strict portrayals. There are numerous associations among Klaatu and Jesus, and Gort and God. Right off the bat, Klaatu alludes to Jesus by embracing the representative name of Carpenter. Gort additionally breathes life into Klaatu back in this concentrate, as God restored Jesus. Klaatu shields the world from Gorts power, in the New Testament Jesus comes to Earth not exclusively to spread a message of harmony yet additionally to shield the world from Gods fury. This procedure gives the message that there are nothing more than a bad memory folks in war a heavier effect. As the film is attempting to give a significant supplication for harmony, there are no hysterics from the characters. Be that as it may, there is strain in this concentrate and, at one point Helen shouts when she is alarmed by Gort, yet she controls herself and figures out how to converse with Gort reasonably. .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .postImageUrl , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:hover , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:visited , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:active { border:0!important; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:active , .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:hover { haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u2 85a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u285a0804d42252ee0f89bf46fae65400:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Compare and Contrast Theater, Poetry and Fiction EssayThe levelheadedness of the characters accentuates the significance of the movies message. I like this film in that I feel it has general importance made by the message of harmony and war and consequently will be regarded for a long time to come. I think the enhancements are excellent for the year this was made, particularly the scene in the concentrate I examined, when Gort torches the block divider to spare Klaatu. I feel strain is still made in the concentrate I examined, and the acting principally does this. I thought that it was intriguing to see the film was utilized again to rouse numerous new movies, and this developed my regard for the film as a bit of Art. Be that as it may, there are two things I discovered extremely poor, and would have most likely put me off watching this film for recreation. Right off the bat, the language Klaatu and Helen use to address Gort is weird and somewhat comic for 21st century watchers. Furthermore, I found the non-diegetic sound dated and excessively mechanical. Taking everything into account, in The Day The Earth Stood Still, Robert Wise uses camera points, sound, mise-en-scene, portrayal and story shows to make a well known sci-fi film that advances an enemy of war message. The advanced sentiment of The Day The Earth Stood Still is for the most part given by the non-diegetic sound, and the inventive look of the spaceship and the robot, I. e. the mise-en-scene. Strict imagery and a sane tone of the exchange are utilized to feature the counter war message. I need an end need assistance with this! Is there any spots I can cut? Need to change to Klaatu is there a snappy way I can do this?

Corporate Finance Case (MBA) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Corporate Finance Case (MBA) - Essay Example Therefore, this worth net of assessments is included the multi year income. In conclusion, the incomes are limited utilizing 16% expense of capital and are meant concocted the NPV. b. Since the choice rule of the organization is to acknowledge ventures whose recompense periods are inside six years, this undertaking is seen to have a decent benefit potential. Speculation choice is to acknowledge the venture. c. Not the same as the basic recompense time frame, the limited restitution requires the incomes to be limited. Accordingly, it is normal that the limited compensation period is longer than the straightforward one. For this situation, the limited compensation is 5.43 years. 3. Two of the theoretical shortcomings of the recompense time frame are the accompanying: failure to perceive the time-estimation of cash by regarding every dollar inflow as a similar whether they are produced before or later in the ventures life and its absence of acknowledgment for the money inflows after the underlying speculation is recovered. These defects of the compensation time frame make it second rate compared to other capital planning methods. For instance, since it doesn't limit income, it isn't sensible to use since we realize that the estimation of cash deteriorates after some time. Additionally, it becomes misdirecting when surveying ventures which have lower incomes in the early undertaking life and huge ones in its later years. The compensation time frame quite often favor ventures where the speculation can

Khan Academy launches free Official LSAT Prep

Khan Academy launches free Official LSAT Prep Many LSAT-prep courses can be expensive, leaving a lot of law school hopefuls feeling out of luck. Not anymore.Thanks to Khan Academy’s new Official LSAT Prep, anyone interested in going to law school can now prepare for the LSATâ€"the law school admission testâ€"with a personalized study plan entirely for free.Khan Academy collaborated with the Law School Admission Council, the maker of the LSAT, to design the first free and official test prep program for the LSAT.The aim of Khan Academy Official LSAT Prep is to help aspiring law students build the skills and confidence they need to succeed on test dayâ€"all on their own schedule.Official LSAT Prep diagnoses each student’s strengths and weaknesses and creates a tailored practice plan. Each student sets a score goal. Then, the program guides students through lessons and practice questions at just the right level to help them work toward that score. Videos, articles, and explanations cover every concept on the LSAT. Through it all , we provide regular updates, so students can track their progress.Today’s announcement marks the launch of Khan Academy’s second official test prep for critical standardized exams. In 2015, Khan Academy launched Official SAT Practice with the College Board. Nearly six million people have used Official SAT Practice, and research shows that practice on Khan Academy advances all students regardless of high school GPA, gender, race, ethnicity, or parental education level.We’re honored to provide free and personalized test prep for all and excited to help aspiring law students pursue their dreams.

Glaxo Smithkline Mergers And Acquisitions Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

ABSTRACT Mergers and acquisitions often referred to as MA is also a tool for expanding ones business or get around different laws or regulations such as tax laws or monopoly regulations. Merger and acquisition (M A) has been the most debatable issue in the field of management and finance. There are arguments for and against corporate restructuring and mergers. Martin, (1996) argued that although. MA activities occur in waves but MA activities are as a result of the economic environment. The purpose of this assignment is to assess the reasons for the GlaxoSmithKline merger and to what extent the aims of the merger have been achieved. INTRODUCTION GlaxoSmithKline is a UK based second largest pharmaceutical healthcare company in the world. Headquartered in the UK and having listing on both New York stock exchange and London stock exchange. GSK is one of the industry leaders, with an estimated seven per cent of the worlds pharmaceutical market; GSK is the only pharmaceutical company researching both medicines and vaccines for the World Health Organizations three priority diseases HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.(www2) GSK employs over 100,000 people, has more than 80 manufacturing sites in 37 countries, and makes almost four billion packs of medicines and healthcare products each year. GSK spends 8 million (US$14 million) on research and development each day thats around 300,000 (US$562,000) every hour (www3). Moreover in 2007 the turnover decreased from 23.2 % in 2006 to 22.7 % a very challenging year for the company as GSK unexpectedly faced a severe decline in sales of Avandia, the second biggest product (www1). REASONS FOR GSK MERGER SMITHKLINE BEECHAM The creation of SmithKline Beecham resulted from two companies running out of internal options. SmithKline was unable to restore the income from its core drug, Tagamet, but had an aggressive sales force in the US. Beecham, a consumer goods Company, got success in its early research attempt on antibiotics, but had no competencies to become a major pharmaceutical player. Their merger resulted in an organization with an international marketing presence. Glaxos acquisition of Wellcome produced only short-term savings but no long-term growth. Through amalgamation both Beecham and SmithKline Beckman were able to keep up with critical mass in RD, as the combined research budget doubled, but total RD expenditure still lagged behind the likes of top firms such as Glaxo, which were outspending them two to one. However, the amalgamation resulted in a meticulous power sharing agreement between the two management groups and brought about a new organisation with international marketing and sales presence. (Sudarshan, 2003) People at SmithKline Beecham knew that the advantage of a friendly merger was allowing for equality of chances for those involved. A perception reinforced by Mr Bauman and his team investing substantial amount of time and effort to create a new culture (under the Simply Better initiative), which also transformed the way people were measured and rewarded. The amalgamation of Beecham and SmithKline Beckman was lengthy and relied in a combination of benchmarking (i.e. continuous improvement efforts) and process reengineering. (Herd, 2000) Jan Leschly became chief executive in 1994 and was responsible for the continuing implementation of Baumans vision. The intent was for the pharmaceutical company to match services already offered by insurance companies, hospitals and doctors, by offering complete healthcare packages for a flat, up-front fee. This move was followed by other major pharmaceutical companies in 1994 when SmithKline Beecham and Eli Lilly purchased DPS and PCS Health Systems, respectively. Through the acquisition of DPS, SmithKline inherited a six year alliance with United Healthcare Corp., which owned several health management organisations (HMOs) with some 1.6 million members. The alliance would assure SmithKline exclusive rights among pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies and to access medical outcome data from members of HMOs owned by United Healthcare. (Herd, 2000) However, the validity of the managed care model was questioned in 1998 when Ely Lilly sold PCS, at a substantial financial loss. The following year SmithKline divested DPS as well as the clinical laboratory business. For the industry the divestiture of PCSs was more significant than the associated financial losses. The strategic turnaround of Eli Lilly and SmithKline Beecham signalled a failure to control distribution channels through formulary lists and the inability of established pharmaceutical companies to integrate proprietary outcome and patient information into new drug discovery. (Scholes Johnson 2001) GLAXO WELLCOME Glaxo Wellcome resulted from the merger of two leading UK pharmaceuticals in 1995. Glaxo already knows the merger game as before Glaxo wellcome was created in 1995 when Glaxo took over Wellcome for 9bn, in what was then the biggest merger in UK corporate history. Wellcome Foundation was financing medical research and was established in 1936, welcome owned a 40% stake in Zantac, Glaxo struggled to find a replacement for its blockbuster, whose patent has expired in the US, and for Zovirax, Wellcomes antiherpes drug which has already become available without a prescription. However before this wellcome has rejected this $14 billion unsolicited takeover offer. (Lambrecht, 2005) Top managers thus endeavoured to rationalise the overall organisation and introduce economies of scale in RD activities. However, executives had great difficulty holding the new company together. Russell Reynolds, a top recruitment consulting firm, was brought in to help re-organise world-wide operations. The aim was to create a levelled playing field so that few key individuals were lured away while, at the same time, the integration of different units was smooth and effective. In spite of this, there was increased middle-management turnover after coming together. (Herd, 2000) At the time of the merger with Wellcome, the chief executive at Glaxo was Sir Richard Sykes. He had been holding that job since 1994, was a former (very successful) British academic and RD director, as well as a firm believer in investing in RD for company growth. One of the biggest setbacks of his career, at the top position in the new Glaxo Wellcome, was the UK governments decision in 1999 not to place Relenza, the companys new flu drug and the first real success of combinatorial chemistry research, on the At the time of the merger with Wellcome, the chief executive at Glaxo was Sir Richard Sykes. He had been holding that job since 1994, was a former (very successful) British academic and RD director, as well as a firm believer in investing in RD for company growth. One of the biggest setbacks of his career, at the top position in the new Glaxo Wellcome, was the UK governments decision in 1999 not to place Relenza, the companys new flu drug and the first real success of combinatori al chemistry research, on the National Health Service list of prescription drugs. However, he had been responsible for the diversification into emerging markets, a new organisational structure, as well as joint ventures in India and Japan. (Johnson, et al., 2008) By the end of the 1990s, some analysts were sceptical on whether the merger of Glaxo with Wellcome had produced any synergies at all. It was true that sales of revitalised Wellcome products through Glaxos marketing muscle had helped to avoid slipping in the rankings, but it was also true that the drugs pipeline was unimpressive and many new products had failed to live up to expectations. The merger had, indeed, brought Glaxo presence in certain therapeutic areas that it had not exploited before (such as antivirals), while Wellcome benefited from greater financial discipline and focus. But both companies had been used to cash and profit rich years. So analysts wondered whether costs had really been brought under control, whether Glaxo Wellcome had relied too much on disposals to flatter its earnings performance and, on balance, many were disappointed that augmented RD facilities had done little to replenish the pipeline by producing new potential blockbusters. GSK merger was part of t he pharmaceutical merger wave, but keeping in view (Economic environment) future prospects and growing market potential pharmaceutical firms started looking for partners, because the growing trend in the industry could affect their future cost. The companies giving birth to GlaxoSmithkline themselves resulted from mergers. (Scholes Johnson 2001) SUCESS OF GSK MERGER As one of the key points of the merger, managers considered building operational headquarters in the US while corporate headquarters would remain in the UK. The new companys increasing leanings to the US in style and markets puzzled many, as Britain was home for both originating companies and the UK one of the worlds leading centres for the research, development, and manufacture of prescription medicines. Britains pharmaceutical output doubled between 1980 and 2000 in real terms while exports boomed and research and development of prescription drugs increasingly became a high-technology business and one of the most successful bits of the knowledge economy. (Myers, et al., 2006) Another key point to the merger was expected savings of 250 million pounds from combined RD operations. Those savings were to be reinvested in RD to produce an annual research budget of 2.4 billion pounds, the largest in the world after the new Pfizer. Top executives also expected the combined company to save an annualised 1 billion pounds after three years. These savings would come on top of previously announced restructuring at both companies, expected to cut a combined 570 million a year. But analysts of pharmaceutical companies at investment banks were puzzled by these figures. (Copeland Weston 2003) On the one hand, analysts were disappointed by the planned savings. Most estimated the figure to be between 1.1 billion and 1.5 billion, as well as some sort of immediate disposal of factories, reduction of intermediate capacity or outsourcing plan. On the other hand, analysts were encouraged by potential pay-offs that could come from the complementary research skills of the two companies. (Heracleous Murray 2001) As part of the merger process, plans were drafted for the amalgamation of corporate and support operations of the new pharmaceutical colossus in most countries. This made labour unions unhappy because of the lack of consultation. Corporate executives claimed that there was nothing to consult about until the legal merger had taken place and thus, the newly introduced European regulation on consultation would not be broken. Nevertheless, unions feared at least 15,000 job losses, no less than 14% of the 105,000 strong combined global workforces would be lost. As for the 300 or so senior managers likely to be made redundant, Spencer Stuart, an international recruitment consultancy, was brought in to look into areas of potential overlap between business units rather than the universe of managers at the new corporation, and would leave the vital RD and marketing teams intact. By bringing in recruitment consultancy to carry out a management audit, top executives once again expected to devel op a level playing field so that few key individuals were lured away. At the time, Jean Pierre Garnier considered that organising 15,000 scientists across several time zones, with an annual budget in the billions of pounds, would require a radical new structure. This facilities master plan would allow assessing which, if any, of the 24 global RD sites should be closed. (Scholes Johnson 2001) However, rivals such as Pfizer, Novartis or Aventis, which had already restructured their core operations, questioned how radical Garniers plan really was. Greater scale in marketing was attractive to managers because, while regulatory approval proceeded in the US, SmithKline Beecham became the worlds second-biggest toothpaste manufacturer following the completion of its acquisition of Block Drug of the US for $1.24 billion dollars with a cash bid worth $53 per share. The deal added Blocks Sensodyne toothpaste to Smithklines range of dental care brands, which included Aquafresh, Macleans and Od ol. Consumer goods sales, including toothpaste and drinks such as Lucozade, Ribena and Horlicks, would then make 2.5 billion pounds or a third of SmithKline Beechams sales and 15% of the combined 1999 sales of Glaxo and SmithKline. (Myers, et al., 2006) Even at the time of merger many analyst citizen the future prospects of GlaxoSmithKline merger as (Barron, 2000) called this merger as a marriage of convenience with lots of tough issues to be worked out SmithKline is wedding itself to a slow-moving company with a lacklustre pipeline of new drugs coming to market. After two and half years cost savings had in fact amounted to 1.8 billion by 2003, cost reductions had taken GSK trading profit margin to 35 per cent. GSK has under-performed the FTSE All-Share Index, SP by any measure, relative or absolute, this company is not doing well. Compare to pre acquisition stock. Jean-Pierre Garnier was said to be committed to the consumer health business because he saw this area as being key for GlaxoSmithKline extending the life of certain prescription pharmaceutical brands, such as blockbuster Tagamet, by switching them to over-the-counter sales. (Myers, et al., 2006) However, analysts at investment banks speculated that the lower-margin consum er unit could be sold and the money reinvested in pharmaceuticals assets. SmithKline Beecham had been willing to sell individual brands in the past. Opinion was thus divided as to whether the Block Drug acquisition represented greater commitment to consumer health or a strengthening of the business in preparation for a sale. Yet for others growth into consumer health meant to signal another significant acquisition for GlaxoSmithKline in the not too distant future, while questioning which were the core competencies that would deliver the much needed advantage in prescription pharmaceuticals markets. (Scholes Johnson 2001) CONCLUSION This assignment on mega pharmaceutical GSK merger shows that they havent delivered value. The stock prices underperform both in absolute and relative terms against the share index. Besides this previously executive remunerations were based on stock performance, which was supporting short term on the part of management. Contrast to that company has substantially reduced the cost $1.8 a year, to be comprised of combining their RD operations, manufacturing consolidation and substantial headcount reduction. Any how the debate of value creation in future is still questionable.

Increase In Minimum Wage - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 674 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Law Essay Level High school Topics: Minimum Wage Essay Did you like this example? Increase in minimum wage, decreases the demand of labor in the market because increase in wage pushes people to work but there are very few people who work in minimum wage. The company will start hiring very less people and make the work done by the machine or automation to keep the labor expenses constant or balanced. The wage is increased means more people would want to work at higher rate so, there will be increase in supply of labor, leading to the surplus of labor in the market. On the other hand, increasing in minimum wage may also cause increment in labor demand when there is no unemployment. In this case there are not larger number of people looking for job but increase in wage might make people to cut their working hours as they would make same amount of money within less hours. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Increase In Minimum Wage" essay for you Create order For workers who are at near minimum wages, the prices of products they produce will rise as the level of minimum wages increase. This is so because wages are considered input costs and input costs determine the overall cost of production of a product. As the cost of production rises, the firm, to continue to make profits, will have to raise the prices of products. With an increase in prices, there will be a downward shift in the demand curve as demand is negatively related to price. In the long run, the effect on the increase in minimum wages will have a lower impact on consumer purchasing power than it does in the short run. The impact of higher prices will lead to a slight fall in demand in the long run. With the increase in minimum wages, employers are forced to pay higher wages for the same set of skills and workers. From an employers point of view, they are paying higher wages for no extra work/skill. This lack of additional human capital will force employers to invest in automation technologies to replace workers with machines. This will lead to a potential disaster as the unemployment levels would increase drastically resulting in excessive supply of labor. In labor-intensive industries, such as restaurants, the employers will be forced to hire lesser number of workers. This would also lead to an increase in unemployment levels. Also, the firms will be forced to increase the cost of products to offset the increase in minimum wages. In order to counter this situation, it would make more sense that employers offer incentives to workers who are ready to increase their human capital. This will benefit both the employer and the worker. From the above, it is clear that as minimum wages rise, employers are forced to find alternate solutions to balance the increased costs and this leads to unemployment and underemployment. The increased levels of unemployment and underemployment increase the government spending on unemployment benefits, food, and, medical assistance. There is unemployment means, less tax collection which ultimately affects the GDP of the nation. To counter unemployment, the government needs to come up with policies to increase the rate of employment and that in return increases the government expenditure. Thus, unemployment causes a negative effect on government spending. Looking at all those negative effects due to increase in minimum wages, I believe that the minimum wages should not be increased or decreased now. It creates unemployment, increase in price of goods, and increases the government expenditure for the welfare of unemployed people. There should be a minimum standard of wages that are paid in order for an individual to meet their basic requirements and it is also necessary for an individual so that employers cannot take an unnecssary advantage of workers. Government need to come up with a plan where employees are paid over and above the minimum level based on the human capital contributions that each worker has to offer. Employers as well as employee should be motivated to contribute form their side to the nation. This will surely make a positive change and we will run towards the great achievement.

UMass Lowell Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

The University of Massachusetts Lowell is a public research university with an acceptance rate of 72%. One of the schools in the five-campus University of Massachusetts system,  UMass Lowell is located less than an hour from Boston. UMass Lowell has a student / faculty ratio of 17-to-1 and more than 86 undergraduate majors including programs in business administration, computer science, criminal justice, and electrical engineering. Students are involved in an array of extracurricular activities on campus through more than 250 clubs and organizations. The UMass Lowell River Hawks compete in the NCAA Division I America East Conference with the exception of men’s hockey, which competes in the Division I Hockey East Conference. Considering applying to the University of Massachusetts Lowell? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, UMass Lowell had an acceptance rate of 72%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 72 students were admitted, making UMass Lowells admissions process somewhat competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 12,187 Percent Admitted 72% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 24% SAT Scores and Requirements The University of Massachusetts Lowell has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to UMass Lowell may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required for most applicants.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 78% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 570 650 Math 580 670 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of UMass Lowells admitted students fall within the  top 35% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to UMass Lowell scored between 570 and 650, while 25% scored below 570 and 25% scored above 650. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 580 and 670, while 25% scored below 580 and 25% scored above 670. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1320 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at UMass Lowell. Requirements UMass Lowell does not require SAT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, note that the University of Massachusetts Lowell participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. UMass Lowell does not require the optional SAT writing section or SAT Subject test scores. Note that test-optional applicants should have a high school GPA of 3.25 or higher and evidence of academic success in rigorous coursework. Applicants who choose not to provide test scores will be required to submit an additional short essay. ACT Scores and Requirements The University of Massachusetts Lowell has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to UMass Lowell may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required for most applicants.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 12% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 23 29 Math 24 29 Composite 24 29 This admissions data tells us that most of UMass Lowells admitted students fall within the  top 26% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to UMass Lowell received a composite ACT score between 24 and 29, while 25% scored above 29 and 25% scored below 24. Requirements UMass Lowell does not require ACT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, note that UMass Lowell does not superscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. UMass Lowell does not require the optional ACT writing section. Note that test-optional applicants should have a high school GPA of 3.25 or higher and evidence of academic success in rigorous coursework. Applicants who choose not to provide test scores will be required to submit an additional short essay. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA of University of Massachusetts Lowells incoming freshmen class was 3.6, and over 38% of incoming students had average GPAs of 3.75 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to UMass Lowell have primarily A grades. Admissions Chances The University of Massachusetts Lowell, which accepts fewer than three-quarters of applicants, has a somewhat selective admissions pool with above average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs. However, UMass Lowell also has a  holistic admissions  process and is test optional, and admissions decisions are based on more than numbers. A  strong application  essay  and glowing letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in  meaningful extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule.  Note that music majors are required to complete an in-person audition, and art and design students must submit a portfolio. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and scores are outside UMass Lowells average range. If You Like UMass Lowell, You May Also Like These Schools: Boston CollegeUniversity of Rhode IslandUniversity of New HampshireRegis CollegeSuffolk UniversityBoston UniversityUniversity of Connecticut All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and University of Massachusetts Lowell Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Listing of Atlantic 2016 Hurricane Names

Below you will find the listing of hurricane names for the Atlantic Ocean for the year 2016. For every year, there is a pre-approved list of tropical storm and hurricane names. These lists have been generated by the National Hurricane Center since 1953. At first, the lists consisted of only female names; however, since 1979, the lists alternate between male and female. Hurricane Naming Conventions Hurricanes are named alphabetically from the list in chronological order. Thus the first tropical storm or hurricane of the year has a name that begins with A and the second is given the name that begins with B. The lists contain hurricane names that begin from A to W, but exclude names that begin with a Q or U. There are six lists that continue to rotate. The lists only change when there is a hurricane that is so devastating, the name is retired and another hurricane name replaces it. Thus, the 2016 hurricane name list is the same as the 2010 hurricane name list but after the 2010 hurricane season, there may be changes to the list if names are retired so check back after the 2010 hurricane season. 2016 Hurricane Names AlexBonnieColinDanielleEarlFionaGastonHermineIgorJuliaKarlLisaMatthewNicoleOttoPaulaRichardSharyTomasVirginieWalter

Gender Bias And Gender Inequality - 1373 Words

The average american female only makes â…” of what the average male does. Whether it is in school, or the workforce, gender inequality still exists and is a major problem. There is still a huge difference in the way women get treated compared to the way men get treated. Due to the invisible barrier that is holding back the success of women, social realities need to be redefined in order for gender inequality to longer exist. Gender inequality refers to the unequal rights, responsibilities and opportunities of women and men and girls and boys. There are three main ideas that contribute to it, but there are still many others that do too. One of them is sexism, which refers to the range of attitudes, beliefs, policies, laws, and behaviors that discriminate on the basis of gender. A second idea that also contributes is gender roles. Gender roles are rights, responsibilities, expectations, and relationships of men and women in a society. The third idea is gender bias, which is the fa voritism toward one gender or the other. All three have a direct correlation with each other. Gender inequality is most common at school and in the workforce. A lot of people seems to think men hold a higher rank in life than women do just because they think women cannot do the same things a man can do. Just because the the anatomy of a woman and a man are different, doesn’t mean one or the other should get better treatment, but that is still a reality women face today. Men have access to many moreShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality : A Feminist Perspective770 Words   |  4 Pagestopics of gender inequality become more and more popular in the society because a lot of reports show that many women are killed by bias on all over the world every year and women are hard to find a job in some places nowadays. Under this background, the â€Å"team† of feminist becomes stronger and stronger. In‘’ ‘I’ve been pondering whether you can be a part-feminist ’: Young Australian Women’s Studies student discuss gender†, Kate Hughes presents the changing of students who has different gender perceptionsRead MoreFemales Need A Solid Knowledge And Understanding Of Stem Subjects1336 Words   |  6 Pagesand the arts. In today’s modern age, it is disappointing to still find gender bias in any facet of our society. It is even more disappointing to find it in our schools. Women are constantly combating gender bias in everyday life, and school communities are affecting the careers of women by pushing them further away from STEM subjects. Girls are afraid of their own abilities. Why have we allowed this to happen? Gender Inequality has become prevalent in today’s society, due to our schools lacking curriculumRead MoreGender Bias And Its Effect On Education1050 Words   |  5 Pages Leedy, LaLonde, and Runk (2003) found that their data supported and built on the findings of other researchers concerning gender stereotypes. They found that girls who were motivated and had mathematical talent were still subject to the effects of gender bias and that they had decreased confidence in their mathematical abilities. The research also indicated a continuing belief that math is a male domain. Females did not acknowledge the stereotype and felt the survey was biased and insultingRead MoreEssay On Gender Inequality1049 Words   |  5 PagesGender inequality as a social institution in Asia country (India) This essay provides an overview gender as a social institution in Asia countries, also, this essay mainly focuses on education and mainly focuses on the country of India. Moreover, this essay deeply investigates how gender inequality in Asia countries, especially in India affects in the long run (Klasen, 2002, p.745). There are numerous justifications to be worried about the existence of gender inequalities mainly in the well-being-relatedRead MoreGender Inequality in Womens Rugby1181 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction As the nation’s gender inequality continues to diminish, things like sports stereotypes, and labour force conflict cannot be understood without understanding the term of identity. Identity work is explained by Schwalbe and Mason-Schrock in 1996 as â€Å"anything people do, individually or collectively, to give meaning to themselves or others† (as cited in Ezzell, 2009, p. 1). I propose to examine inequality based on gender identity and in depth the process of stereotype issues, - how peopleRead MoreIdentity in the Workplace Creates Gender Inequality801 Words   |  3 PagesAs the nation’s gender inequality continues to diminish, things like sports stereotypes, and labour force conflict cannot be understood without understanding the term of identity. Identity work is explained by Schwalbe and Mason-Schrock in 1996 as â€Å"anything people do, individually or collectively, to give meaning to themselves or others† (as cited in Ezzell, 2009, p. 1). I propos e to examine inequality based on gender identity and in depth the process of stereotype issues, - how people constructRead MoreGender Inequality, Functionalism and Symbolic Interactionism868 Words   |  4 PagesGender inequality refers to the inequality between men and women, or the unequal treatment or perception of a person based on his or her gender. Gender inequality is almost always prominent towards a female rather than towards a male. Women are seen as inferior to men in every country in the world. This form of society is called patriarchal and is one of this biggest issues in American society today. Patriarchy means that the country has a primarily male dominated society. Does anyone realizeRead MoreSocial Stratification1349 Words   |  6 PagesPositions in Society Social stratification is vertical hierarchical arrangement which differentiate people as superior or inferior. Societies are stratified in three ways which are,1) Social Class; 2) Racial and Ethnic stratification; and 3) Gender. 1) Social Class: According to Karl Marx, Class society is based around a primary line of division between two antagonistic classes, those who owns the means of production and those who do not own. Comer added to it in 1978 â€Å"Social Class implies havingRead MoreHow Women s Experiences Regarding Gender Inequality Essay751 Words   |  4 Pageswithin Barriers and Bias. Accordingly, after giving birth, women see a 4% decrease in earnings per child. Meanwhile, men actually thrive in fatherhood, with an average 6% earnings increase.   The confidence gap, which has been a discussion for years, contributes to this divide in the workforce. This inequality contributes to the damage that is committed. When men and women are treated differently, it is unethical, especially when they perform the same tasks, which require the application of the sameRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1531 Words   |  7 Pageswe can see there is a trend implicates that the gender roles are slowly starting to change but the gender stereotype still have stayed firmly over the years in North America even though people are now more aware of the problem of gender inequality. In North America, gender roles between women and men are now being shared more equally in workspace due to the feminism movements and higher literacy level of women, but there are still gender inequality existing in our society. Feminism movements have

Western Union Free Essays

string(54) " factors that make global strategic planning complex\." Western Union was founded in 1851 and started its history as a telegraph and wire services company. In 2006, Western Union discontinued its telegraph service and focused exclusively on money transfers (Pearce Robinson, 2011). Jorge Ochoa, Vice President of Finance and Raul Duany, Director of Corporate Communication joined The Western Union Company (WU) in November 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Western Union or any similar topic only for you Order Now The primary customers for money transfers were immigrants that were seeking better opportunities in richer countries away from their home. When immigrants leave their home countries, they often leave behind family members who depend on them for financial support. This is most true in the case of poorer countries. Government regulators scrutinized the operations and fee-charging practices of money transfer businesses. Western Union is a leader in global money transfer, providing people with fast, reliable and convenient ways to send money around the world. The Western Union brand is globally recognized. Their services are available through a network of over 375,000 agent locations in more than 200 countries and territories (Western, 2009). Their consumer-to-consumer money transfer service enables people to send money around the world in minutes. Their consumer-to-business service provides consumers with flexible and convenient options for making one-time or recurring bill payments. Western Union believes that the brand strength, size, and reach of their global network, along with the convenience and reliability to their consumers have been essential in the growth of the business. As they continue to meet the needs of their consumers for fast, reliable, and convenient money transfer services, they are also working to enhance their services and provide their consumers with access to an expanding portfolio of payment and other financial services. The federal law known as the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) obligates federally insured banks and depository institutions to help meet the needs of communities in which they operate (Pearce, Robinson, 2011). In March 2007, Federal Reserve chairman Ben Bernanke stated, â€Å"the CRA reaffirmed the long-standing principle that financial institutions must serve the convenience and needs of the communities in which they are charted† (Pearce Robinson, 2011). Western Union serves many of the financial needs of immigrant populations, as a bank might, with a major presence in poor and racially diverse neighborhoods. Western Union is now being held up to the same standards as banks because they are both financial inst itutions. Western Union’s customers are mostly urban and poor. The typical user of its remittance service is a low-wage immigrant worker who lives in Urban America, makes $15,600 annually and sends home $293 a month, almost 30% of his or her net monthly income (Pearce Robinson, 2011). Heavy charges in the money transfer industry places economic burden on low-income immigrant families in the United States and in their communities of origin while creating and increased reputation risk for Western Union (Pearce Robinson, 2011). Western Union has been facing numerous lawsuits, mainly because of their lack of social responsibility. This has affected the company’s image and could potentially increase the risk that Western Union faces in the competitive market. Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate social responsibility is generally perceived as a positive business ideology in the 21st century, despite some challenges. A significant expansion of basic business ethics, CSR establishes guidelines for ethical and socially responsible behavior. It addresses how companies that want to satisfy government and societal requirements should treat key stakeholder groups, including customers, suppliers, employees and the community (Mal Warwick Associates, 2008). Pros: One of the elements of CSR is that it causes companies such as Western Union to reason beyond basic ethics to consider the benefits of active involvement in communities. In the article â€Å"The 7 Principles of Business Integrity,† business strategist Robert Moment argues that 21st-century companies must prove themselves to customers to build long-term relationships (Moment, 2004). Western Union involves itself in the community by giving back. Insinuates Western Union to the local markets in which they operate. Cons: The main reason any company would object to participating in CSR is the associated costs. With CSR, companies have to pay for environmental programs, more employee training and efficient waste management programs. Proponents of CSR agree that any expenses to businesses are ultimately covered by stronger relationships with key customers. However, David Vogel indicates in his Forbes article â€Å"CSR Doesn’t Pay† that investment in CSR programs may not necessary result in measurable financial results (Vogel, 2008). * Corporate Citizenship. Western Union’s global corporate citizenship is their commitment to enrich the lives of global citizens by expanding economic opportunity. Through initiatives like the Western Union Our World, Our Family program, they are able to put their values into action (Western Union, 2011). Western Union corporate citizenship efforts focus on three primary areas: 1. Supporting Cultural Inclusion: Western Union recognizes the importance of helping individuals and families build strong communities, in which all members can contribute their distinctive talents and feel at home. . Creating Pathways to Opportunity: Western Union help diverse individuals and communities around the world realize their tremendous potential with scholarships supporting financial literacy, entrepreneurship, job training, and other skills necessary on the journey to a better life. 3. Fostering Hope in the Developing World: Western Union support economic development and opportunities with i nfrastructure development, community centers and access to technology (Western Union, 2011). Western Union’s Current Strategy. Currently, Western Union is using the free cash flow that is generated to repurchase stock and acquire rival money transfer firms in order to expand. Along with the repurchasing of stocks and acquisitions, WU has donated millions of dollars to charitable organizations and other countries. Their current strategy is concentric diversification because they are acquiring firms that are related to them in terms of products and markets. They have pursued growth of their brand through international expansion and the growth in the worldwide immigration population was also driving growth in the money transfer business. Although there is a higher risk associated with diversification, according to Pearce Robinson (2011), the distinctive competencies of the diversifying firm are likely to facilitate a smooth expansion. Globalization There are about seven factors that make global strategic planning complex. You read "Western Union" in category "Papers" These factors are economic factors, political factors, geographic factors, labor factors, tax factors, capital source factors, and business factors (Pearce and Robinson, 2011). When you look at the economic factors of a country, you need to look at the GNP for the country, and the foreign exchange rate. You also need to consider the size of the market and the markets potential rate of growth. As far as the political factors are concerned, you have to determine whether the country is stable, as well as, the type of political structure in the country. It is also important to understand how foreign business is perceived in the country by the government, consumers and competitors. The geographic factors that you should be concerned with is the availability of raw materials, utilities, and the proximity to export markets. Other globalization challenges you need to be aware of are the labor factors – whether you will have the necessary skills available in the people in the country, tax factors – whether there are any tax breaks for foreign investors or if there is a huge tax rate for the country, capital source factors – banking systems available in the country, and business factors – current industry information for competitors and competitive situation. Diversification There are also challenges inherent to diversification. Companies often decide to diversify so that they can acquire a new company that will potentially balance the strengths and weaknesses of the two businesses (Pearce and Robinson, 2011). Companies use diversification as a grand strategy in order to increase stock value, increase growth rate, better use of investment funds, improve stability of the company, acquire needed resources quickly, and tax savings, and increase efficiency and profitability. Trends in the Financial Services Industry. Current trends in the financial services industry is the use of a focus strategy. Focus strategy, involves concentrating on a particular customer, product line, geographical area, channel of distribution, stage in the production process, or market niche. The underlying premise of the focus strategy is that the firm is better able to serve its limited segment than competitors serving a broader range of customers. Firms using a focus strategy simply apply a cost-leader or differentiation strategy to a segment of the larger market. Firms may be able to differentiate themselves based on meeting customer needs through differentiation or through low costs and competitive pricing for specialty goods. This strategy is often appropriate for small, aggressive businesses that do not have the ability or resources to engage in a nation-wide marketing effort. Such a strategy may also be appropriate if the target market is too small to support a large-scale operation. Many firms start small and expand into a national organization. The trend in the financial services industry is that consumers are working outside of their home countries. Many of these consumers have families back in their home country that they periodically send money to in order to help them pay their bills. Western Union has a niche with this trend because they provide a means of easily getting the money to their family without having to have a checking account or if they have credit problems and owes the money elsewhere. Western Union guarantees that the money will be secure and delivered to the correct person. Internal Environment Financial Information In 2008, Western Union’s market share grew and delivered record levels of revenue and cash flow. Revenue was $5. 3 billion; $1. 25 billion was generated in cash flow from operations and WU handled $67 billion in cross-border consumer-to-consumer remittances. They also delivered an operating income margin of 26% for the year. Western Union and its consumers are feeling the impact of the global economic recession. They have confidence in their strategy. Their plan is to focus on what they can control and influence. They have a brand that is recognized around the world. Their business generates significant cash flow. They have created a business model that consistently delivers strong margins. They have built a distribution channel that is second to none and their global team is focused on a short list of priorities to drive growth. They provide vital services to consumers in more than 200 countries and territories. These services not only make a tremendous difference in the individual lives of their customers, but the volume of remittances sent through Western Union helps drive many national economies, paving the way for long-term growth. They also have the advantage of a globally recognized brand and unmatched worldwide distribution. Western Union plans to continue investing in their brand even in these tough times. Their brand represents speed, trust and reliability to their consumers worldwide. WU has launched a comprehensive new global brand initiative that embodies an ambitious and forward-looking vision for the company. Their vision is of optimism for their customers, company, agents and, employees. This vision shows their commitment to help people who are on the move, pursuing their dreams. At a time when there is so much pessimism in the world, it is believed that this Western Union message will serve as a source of positive energy in the marketplace, which should ultimately translate into mind share and market share for the company. They will increase their technology spend to further develop tools that allow them to perform deeper analysis on their customers. Western Union is sharpening their focus and directing investments to meet market share opportunities. They have demonstrated that their global team working together has helped them gain market share in 2008. These employees were using Western Union’s four key strategies—strategies that will continue to drive their business forward: * Accelerate profitable growth in the global cash money transfer business * Expand and globalize the consumer-to-business payments business * Innovate new products and services for target customers * Improve profitability by leveraging scale, reducing costs and effectively using capital During 2009, Western Union will increase investment in technology and systems. They want to update their systems in order to move traditional and new services from virtually anywhere in the world, with exceptional speed. Western Union has a proven business model with significant financial strength. Alternatives and Recommendations Strategic Alternatives In order to publicize their commitments to social responsibility, Western Union should consistently re-evaluate their operations and look for areas of improvement. They can also look at what other companies in the industry are doing to be socially responsible and implement such procedures to their company. Because of the challenges inherent in globalization and diversification, it is important for Western Union to perform due diligence when entering foreign markets. One of the challenges when globalizing may be the exchange rate in different countries. Western Union may have to charge different fees depending on where they are and who their competition is. Recommended Strategy We believe that the company should stick with what they know and continue to repurchase shares and acquisitions. Repurchasing shares can generate a higher EPS and help use up excess cash. It can also increase the ROE and raise demand for the stock on the open market. Their current strategy seems to be working for them and as long as they continue to re-evaluate their operations and remain socially responsible, their strategy will be a success. The bottom line is that Western Union wants to pursue mergers in order to make money for the company and for shareholders. Reference Pearce, J. A, Robinson, B. R. (2011). Strategic Management- Formulation, Implementation, and Control. (12ed) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Mal Warwick Associates, Initials. (2008). The Five Dimensions of CSR. Retrieved from http://www. malwarwick. com/ Moment, R. (2004). The 7 Principles of Business Integrity . Retrieved from http://www. webpronews. com/the-principles-of-business-integrity-2004-07 Vogel, D. (2008). CSR Doesn’t Pay. Retrieved from http://www. forbes. com/2008/10/16/csr-doesnt-pay-lead-corprespons08-cx_dv_1016vogel. html Western Union. (2011). Corporate Citizenship. Retrieved from http://corporate. westernunion. com/corporate_responsibility. html How to cite Western Union, Papers

Effect of Social Networking in Job Performance-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Using Social Media in Workplace. Answer: Introduction Internet-based operation programs are important in the workplace to maintain a better communication level within the organization. Social media is very much associated with the organization and internal communication is also maintained by this process. Social media allows employees a mental break. The break is needed in the organization. For making a professional connection the process is also needed. To make a strong setup and build personal relationships with co-workers, the process is also important. These entire systems if accumulate in one platform then it will be impactful for the organization work and to maintain a strong relationship with organizational employees as well. Intranet process of Bitrix is the suitable option for that. In this paper, Canva organization has selected and the entire intranet communication process is based on the company (Canva.com, 2018). Background of the issue The issue in this paper is to highlight the importance of communication in the workplace by the process of intranet networking. The issue also analyzes the improvement of information deliverance system and enhances the rate of employee retention. Purpose of the proposal The proposal will ensure the importance of communication through intranet system within the organization. Workplace communication is important to make bonding with the employees as they are using their particular system to convey their message to other, this relation can be maintained. Topic of the report Impact of internal active communication and use of virtual interaction within employees is the concern matter for the development of the organization; this is considered as the topic of this research. Purpose of the report Intended audience The research targets the employees of the particular organization and in that case, the selected organization is Canva. The employees are related to any of the department of Canva, are associated with the process and their internal interaction develops the workplace process of the company. Background of the organization Canva is a free graphic design software company established in Australia in 2012. The organization is the largest yearbook publisher in Australia. A rapid market involvement has noticed from the company as they have 75,000 users in the first year of their business. The revenue increase in the 2016-17 calendar year and the increasing amount is $AU6.8 to $AU 23.5 million (Canva.com, 2018). As the best part of the company is to design professional print of banner, or picture thus a link is needed from the employees and that helps in processing innovative nature of the business and provide the opportunity to widen the range of business. Type of communications strategy There is three basic type of communication like Verbal, Written and Non-Verbal communication. In this case, through the use of intranet process like Bitrix employees can share their post, problems, understandings, and issues related to organization, customer, and internal feedback as well (Leftheriotis Giannakos, 2014). An employee can tag their seniors and the owner of the company also so that highlighting issues can evolve at the manager and owner of the company. Discussion Effect of social networking in job performance Employee performance is completely related to the use of intranet problem and develops the organization motivation process through the interaction. Management and employees are the two variables of this case and as opined by Dabbagh Kitsantas (2012), implicit knowledge transfer process has ended up explicit knowledge has come for the development of entire section. Ethical matters are also established in this process as the written conversation is noticeable by all people related to the company. So their understanding will impact the job performance. If an active problem-solving situation is mitigated in these intranet technologies, then everything will be transparent also. The future of digital workforce and workplace The development of the organization and managing the entire set up for an organization, intranet process is effective for the improvement in work culture. As mentioned by Colbert, Yee George (2016), growing technological enhancement and use of social media in the organization as employees are connected through this process. Every system needs to access the process clearly, and learning and implementing issues of growing company culture has come up in this session to know the desired outcome of the organization. Impact of social media in the workplace Social media acts upon the communication of people and their connection with the other members of the organization. As mentioned by Herlle Astray-Caneda (2013), the forms of activity are different in that case and transforming information is the right use of this platform. Employees are connected through the process and use of communication tool and relative interaction process is there and implementation of Bitrix is the way to interrogate with employees. Internet connection is easy for the management, so the advancement of the internet is intranet that delivers communication performance and managing the responsibilities of each person. Every time management needs to interact with their employees, put a message over there is the correct form of delivering information for the organization. Media theory, concept and knowledge transfer process Media synchronizing theory and fundamental macro-level communication is important in this case to know the involvement process in the organization. To make better task related process and job-related communication, this is the way to binding social communication process in the workplace. As commented by Cao et al. (2012), relation making cases along with the commitment and relationship is the best way to implement interaction in the workplace. If proof is always there on this platform as a written statement and other people are acknowledging the process, then better communication is expected from that case. Conclusion The implementing process of intranet system in Canva is important to make internal communication between the employees in the workplace. For making better design related work employees can interact with this platform as a form of the discussion section is there to make discuss a topic and get a relevant outcome form that. Recommendations Careful social media use in important and legitimate use of maintains the process needs to be there. Professional presence in the portal and make a spare hour for discussion make a good impact on outcomes. In case of social selling and restrict to use other social sites may increase the use of this intranet site. A sense of belongings and job responsibilities are understood by this process and that will also help in the workplace. So, implementation of this process and then collaborate and participate in a systematical way is the best-expressing part of the workplace and that will enhance the business opportunities in Canva. References Canva.com (2018), Easily Create Beautiful Design + Documents retrieved from: https://about.canva.com/ [Accessed on 5th April, 2018] Cao, X., Vogel, D. R., Guo, X., Liu, H., Gu, J. (2012, January). Understanding the influence of social media in the workplace: An integration of media synchronicity and social capital theories. InSystem Science (HICSS), 2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 3938-3947). IEEE. Colbert, A., Yee, N., George, G. (2016). The digital workforce and the workplace of the future.Academy of Management Journal,59(3), 731-739. Dabbagh, N., Kitsantas, A. (2012). Personal Learning Environments, social media, and self-regulated learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning.The Internet and higher education,15(1), 3-8. Herlle, M., Astray-Caneda, V. (2013). The impact of social media in the workplace. Leftheriotis, I., Giannakos, M. N. (2014). Using social media for work: Losing your time or improving your work?.Computers in Human Behavior,31, 134-14

Lottery Essays (1074 words) - A Good Man Is Hard To Find

Lottery Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" and Flannery O'Connnors "A Good Man Is Hard To Find" are stories that deal with mans inhumanity to man by illastrating different situation, but lead to the same conclusion and with no thought of the consequences. Jackson and O'Connor use central characters to show how man has the power to distort reality into something the people accept into everyday life. Jackson uses tradition in "The Lottery" when she uses Mr. Summers as the announcer of the lottery every year. Mr. Summers was a person who believed in the lottery and never thought of ending this tradition. Every year Mr. Summers spoke about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box. When the people were asked to get in like to pick a paper, they had done it so many times, " they half listened to the directions," (Jackson 235). For generations the lottery was always performed on the twenty-seventh of June, but the orginal box was lost, the rituals were forgotten, but the villagers did remember to use stones. Tradition in "A Good Man Is Hard To Find" O'Connor goes a different path of traditon but lead to same consequences. The Misfit like Mr. Summers is messanger of death, but for different reasons. Like the people of "The Lottery" the family in "A Good Man Is Hard To Find" both have a destination and a purpose and that is to meet their maker. The person in "The Lottery" is killed for being unlucky, and in "A Good Man Is Hard To Find" the Misfit was inprisoned for a reason he does not remember. It was in the best way to keep up his reputation as a killer, to go ahead and kill the entire family, and in this way in his mind he is saving them from sinning again. These stories were of manupalation of the mind. Jackson used two main characters to make the people go along and continue the lottery. The people of the village had been so brainwashed by Mr. Summers and Old Man Warner that they did whatever they said to do. When " Mr. Summers raised one hand high and said, Adams. A man disengaged himself from the crowd and came forward"(Jackson 235) Old Man Warner was the oldest person in town and always talked about the lottery in that it was a good thing because when the lottery is performed "corn be heavy soon." (Jackson 236). The people have lack of independent thought when they follow Mr. Summers, and Old Man Warner tells the villagers to finish Mrs. Hutchinson quickly. Without hesatation the crowd picks up stones and start stoning Mrs.Hutchinson with no thought of why or if it's even right to do this act. When O'Connor had her characters manupalate the rest, the grandmother was loudmouth, know it all, always giving her son Bailey suggestion on how to go about the vaction they planned. When she suggested to her son to go to the house with the secret panel, she told him that it would be a good educational trip for the children. Bailey was not thinking for himself when he was following his mothers directions to the secret panel house. If it weren't for the grandmothers cat Pitty Sing they would have never come across the Misfit. When the Misfit did arrive on the scene he was in total control of his men, Bobby Lee and Hiram. The Misfit was in charge of everything that went on from that moment on. The only time in the story that he was a follower or lacked the indepence to question, was when he was inprisoned for something he could not remember. The only thing he was told was that he killed his father and that prison had papers on him. The Misfit blames the penatentary for the way he acts and his actions. "The Lottery" is a story that was about self-preservation of ones self. Old Man Warner had lived seventy-seven years and had never been the chosen one, so he was always for the lottery. To him the lottery was not bad because he was never the one to pick the black marker. Mrs. Hutchinson was the one chosen and was trying to get her married daughters to draw with them. " Theres Don and Eva," Mrs. Hutchinson yelled, "Make them take their chance."(Jackson 236). She was thinking if they could pick then they would be the ones that picked the

Discuss the differences between service quality perceptions Essay Example

Discuss the differences between service quality perceptions Essay Example Discuss the differences between service quality perceptions Essay Discuss the differences between service quality perceptions Essay Schneider et al (2002) argued that ensuring an excellent service delivery has now become an essential role for all service providers. The importance of a high quality service is clear, but there isnt a consensus on the definition of; perception of service quality (SQ), service quality (SQ) and customer satisfaction (CSS), (Crooning 1 992; Rust Oliver 1994. ) Some latter academics have attempted to adapt the definition by separating SQ and SQ measuring one subjectively and the other objectively (Berry et al 2006). Traditionally, it appears academics define SQ as a measurement of how the revive delivered matches the customers expectations. (Bolton Drew 1991; Paranormal, Chatham Berry, 1988) all support this concept, claiming it is an attitude similar but not identical to satisfaction, which is developed by comparing service performance and expectations. Further, service quality is judged on a consistent basis (Lewis and Booms 1983). This determines SQ as a long-run judgment by the customers. In contrast, SQ is formed during the production, delivery and consumption process (Advertised 2005). SQ provides the measurement tool for individuals to evaluate the attractiveness ND desirability of the service (Kashmir 2013). This is supported by (Chatham et al 2009) who state that perceptions are generated from a customers experience with the service and their feelings of the service afterwards. Customer satisfaction tends to have more consensuses over its definition. Lewis (1 993, p. 4-1 2) defines it as the difference between predicted and perceived service, in contrast with attitudes. This concept is supported by Chatham et al (2006, p. 106-107). Academics agree that there are many similarities between SQ and CSS. However, CSS is argued to be a broader incept compared to SQ which only focuses on dimensions Of service (Wilson et al, 2008). CSS is affected by other factors than SQ, such as price and product quality (Chatham et al, 2006 p. 106-107). This is shown below in the figure 1 (Wilson et al 2008, p. 79) Finally, it is important to note that CSS can either be transaction-specific or cumulative. A new customer purchases a season ticket for Saracens. The perception of service quality is formed during the match day, and this is used as the tool to evaluate service quality. Service quality is a long-term evaluation of how the season ticket compared with their prior expectations. This judgment of service quality is antecedent to the customers satisfaction (Oliver 1993. ) The transaction- specific satisfaction of the customer is also affected by situational and personal factors. If Saracens lost the match and the weather was poor, then the customer may be dissatisfied, yet the level of service quality could be high. The cumulative satisfaction of the customer may be mainly determined by the clubs final position in the league rather than the overall level of service quality. Section 2 When a sporting organization is deciding which of these to priorities, the anger must evaluate a number of factors. Marshall (2013) found that 20% of customers would generate 80% of a companys profit. Therefore, it is of most importance to generate customer loyalty, and generate high re- purchasing rates. Secondly, Daly (2002) stated that it costs ID times more to obtain a new customer than keep an existing one. When determining what to priorities the manager should focus on what will create the highest repurchasing rates. Crooning Taylor (1992) found that the relation between satisfaction and repurchase intentions was stronger than that of service quality and repurchase. Gross (1996) supports this idea, finding that satisfaction is a better predictor of repurchase intentions than service quality. A sport service manager should therefore priorities customer satisfaction over perception of service quality and service quality. This will increase re- purchasing rates and in turn improve profits. By proportioning customer satisfaction it will also involve controlling service quality and perceptions of service quality, as well as a number of other factors. This should enhance the firms overall situation more than targeting SQ and SQ would. It is possible hat a firm provides a high-quality service that does not satisfy the customer. This supports the argument for proportioning customer satisfaction. There may be certain situations where focusing on satisfaction is not feasible. As stated earlier, customer satisfaction is affected by factors outside of the organizations control, such as personal and situational factors. When these factors are very influential managers lose the ability to control satisfaction. When this is the case a manager should then focus on service quality. Consider a devout Salutary supporter that attends a match. The most important factor determining their satisfaction is winning. If Salutary loses, the customer will be dissatisfied. Therefore, a manager should focus on service quality as it is within their ability to control customers perceptions. This focus may lead to a customer who is impressed with the long-term level of service quality at the club. Despite such, is dissatisfied with the day. In contrast, consider the manager of a gym. It is more likely that a manger can affect overall satisfaction in this scenario. With a reasonable membership price, top-quality equipment, and high level of service, the customer may always be satisfied. These factors may outweigh the effect of a poor workout and negative situational and personal factors. In this example the manager does have control over the customers level of satisfaction, and should therefore target such. This would increase repurchasing and spending. Using the current definitions and literature, a manger should focus targeting customers satisfaction whenever this is within their control. A manager is more likely to have greater control for participation sports, compared to sporting spectacles.

How to Become an Anesthesia Technician

How to Become an Anesthesia Technician When you think about surgery, you might think of the scene how it’s often portrayed on TV- a surgeon, plus one or two nurses assisting. In reality, surgery requires a team of professionals: people to set up the operating room and equipment, someone to prep the patient, at least one surgeon, surgical nurses, surgical assistants, and (last but not least) anesthesiologists and anesthesia technicians who ensure that the patient is out cold and feels none of the pain of what’s going on. Every team member is an essential part of every surgery. All of these surgical team professionals have a major part to play in the healthcare industry, so if you’re looking for a solid healthcare career path, it’s time to think about whether you should become an anesthesia technician.The Role of Anesthesia TechniciansAn anesthesia technician (â€Å"tech† for short) is an allied health professional who works with the anesthesiologist and other operating room team members t o make sure that patients are sedated and properly anesthetized before surgery. Anesthesia technicians handle many of the practical (technical) details of anesthetizing patients, allowing the anesthesiologist to focus more fully on the patient’s needs. Anesthesia technicians’ responsibilities may include:Preparing equipment in the operating roomMaintaining equipment and troubleshooting as necessaryTesting and maintaining equipment ahead of surgeryManaging operating room supply inventoryPreparing anesthesia drugs under the direction of the anesthesiologistConnecting and operating equipment that monitors patients’ vital signs during surgeryAssisting with IVs and airway devicesHelping to transfer patients to post-op care roomsBasically, if it involves patient anesthesia or monitoring patients while they’re under sedation, the anesthesia tech has a hand in it. Anesthesia techs typically work in hospital settings, but they may also be found in private clinics/ doctors’ offices or outpatient care facilities.The BenefitsBecoming an anesthesia technician brings many of the benefits of an allied health career path:A growing industry. The healthcare field is expanding all the time, with greater demand for medical professionals at every level.A varied day-to-day. Patients change, their needs change, and every day has its own set of challenges.A stable work environment. Hospitals will always need to be staffed with qualified professionals, and typically provide a clean, quiet workspace.A path for advancement. Working as an anesthesia tech opens the door to other healthcare/surgical jobs, especially with certification.No four-year degree required. Anesthesia technicians usually have a high school degree plus specialized training and classes.The QualificationsBecause anesthesia technicians are working in a high-stress environment and handling life-or-death details, this is a job that has some very specific requirements. After all, you donâ €™t want Joe Schmo off the street holding your vital signs in his hands while you’re on the operating table. As an anesthesia tech, you can expect these preliminary requirements:A high school degree (or equivalent), minimumAn associate’s degree in an accredited Anesthesia Tech program may be preferredCompletion of a training program and at least 1 year of clinical internships and apprenticeshipsFor more on schools and training programs that offer degrees for Anesthesia Technicians, see the American Society of Anesthesia Technologists and Technicians (ASATT) for the most up-to-date information on available programs.Anesthesia technicians may also choose to get certified by the ASATT. To get this certification, you’d need to pass the ASATT’s national certification exam, in addition to having a high school diploma, 2+ years of experience, and completion of an anesthesia tech program or degree that includes clinical training. The certification is optional , but it could help with career advancement and give anesthesia techs an edge when it comes to seeking more opportunities in the field.This is also a job that requires a rather specific skill set. If you’re thinking about becoming an anesthesia technician, you should have these skills (or be willing to build them in the meantime):Verbal and written communication skillsProblem solving skills in high-pressure situationsComputer skillsComfort  with technology and mechanicsBiomedical equipment skillsA background in math, science, pharmacology, and medical terminologyMaking the DecisionIf you’ve got the baseline skills and are thinking of committing to this path of becoming an anesthesia technician, it’s time to think about the whole picture.Are you comfortable in a fast-paced, pressure-filled medical environment with potential crisis situations?Are you extremely detail-oriented?Are you unfazed by blood and bodily fluids in your professional environment?Are you abl e to keep calm and do what you need to do no matter what’s going on around you?Can you commit to the education and training it takes to become an anesthesia tech?Can you work well as a member of a team and under the direction of doctors and surgeons?Do you have good mechanical skills and a knack for troubleshooting tricky equipment?Are you willing and able to keep on top of medical equipment and technology trends?If the answer to all of these is â€Å"yes,† then you should seriously consider pursuing a career in anesthesia technician. If you’re seeing a lot of â€Å"maybe†s, â€Å"probably†s, or â€Å"uhhhh†¦no†s, then the good news is that there are tons of other healthcare career opportunities that might fit you better.The OutlookOnce you’ve figured out whether you’re personally equipped to make this your career path, you also need to figure out if it’s worth your future investment- after all, you don’t wan t to invest your time, energy, and education money in a career that’s going to stall out on you down the line. Like most other healthcare fields, the demand for anesthesia techs is growing; the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that jobs in related surgical technology fields will grow by about 15% by 2024. And not only is the field stable, but it’s also a solid salary choice as well: $38,700 is the median salary. Certified anesthesia technicians can make more, as can techs with significant experience, so there are plenty of opportunities for growth and advancement once you’re in the door.If you decide that becoming an anesthesia technician is the path for you, great! You’re on your way to a demanding-but-fulfilling career. Good luck!

The Marketing Concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Marketing Concept - Essay Example The paper tells that the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) has defined the concept of marketing in a different way. It suggests that marketing is a type of management process where the customer requirements are identified, anticipated and finally supplied in an efficient and profitable manner. Hence marketing can be considered to be consisting of a wide range of activities starting from market research to the development of a new product. Marketing is supposed to have evolved through five different phases over the past many years. They are the: a) era of trading, b) era of production, c) era of sales, d) era of the marketing department, and e) era of a marketing company. The marketing company era, which is the most recent and current phase of marketing evolved as a result of the realisation of the need of different business organisations to be focused on their customers to achieve their goals and objectives. Hence, in this modern era, customer is given the highest priority in an y of the marketing activities followed by the organisations. The concept related to marketing orientation is believed to have been developed at the Harvard University and in a few of the proactive and forward looking organisations during the period of the end of 1960s to the beginning of the 1970s. It has actually replaced the concept of sales orientation that was prevalent prior to this period. There is a substantial difference between the sales and market orientation. According to Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel these two types of orientations have been compared with each other based on five different characteristics. They are the focus of the organisations, the business activities followed by the firms, people to whom the products are being directed, primary goals of the firms, and various tools that are utilised to achieve those objectives and goals. Personnel of organisations that are sales oriented have their focus on selling the products to the customers that are already manufacture d by the firms. However, in recent times most of the organisations are observed to gain competitive advantage by focussing on the external market environment. Various organisations like Dell, Inc., Southwest Airlines, and the Royal Bank of Canada have succeeded in outperforming their competitors through the market orientation approach. A marketing oriented company can be considered as a business organisation which has its focus on the customers and their needs and wants. Companies try to identify various solutions to meet the satisfaction levels of the customers and in order to achieve this objective the organisations get involved in activities related to gaining an insight about the customers’ needs and wants through various means that includes both secondary and primary research. Most often people are found to misunderstand the concept of marketing and they associate it with advertising. However, marketing consists of various other aspects which the organisations need to be concerned with in order to have its sustainable growth and development in future. The thinking process of customers is volatile in nature and their needs and wants change in a short period of time. Hence organisations are required to be aware of those changing needs and wants of the customers and this fact makes marketing a useful concept for the companies.